Q: What is Turbocharger and other component function and how to inspect?A: A turbocharger system increases engine horsepower by means of an exhaust gas-driven turbine that turns an impeller, or compressor, which in turn pressurizes the air entering the intake manifold. The turbocharger assembly consists of two lightweight, thin-wall, heat resistant castings, a common shaft riding on full-floating bearings, a water-cooled system, and an engine oil pump for lubrication. The waste gate valve is designed to restrict the maximum boost level by allowing some of the exhaust gases to by pass the turbine when boost pressure gets too high, and the waste gate controller solenoid valve keeps the waste gate controller closed to optimize the pressure on the outlet side of the compressor. The air bypass valve reduces the braking effect on the turbocharger when the throttle plate is snapped shut during deceleration, and the inter cooler cools down the hot intake air passing through it, making it denser again and therefore able to provide more oxygen for the combustion process. The PCM and the various sensors control the system, and inspection should be left to a dealer service department, though you can inspect some things yourself, such as a cracked turbo mounting flange, a blocked or restricted oil supply line, a worn out or overheated turbine/compressor shaft bearing or a defective waste ate actuator.